Chinese naval researchers have outlined plans for a multilayered defense system designed to protect warships against swarms of low-cost unmanned aerial systems (UAS). Described as a modern “Great Wall,” the system is intended to detect, intercept, and neutralize large numbers of inexpensive drones, potentially assembled from commercial components, before they threaten naval assets. The research, published in Command Control & Simulation, highlights the increasing challenge posed by swarm tactics and emphasizes early detection and rapid engagement. In parallel, China is developing its own UAS swarms for reconnaissance and surveillance. In 2022, Beijing revealed the Zhu Hai Yun, a 290-foot (88-meter) drone “mothership” capable of carrying multiple unmanned platforms and weapons, remotely operated or manned in port. In 2024, the airborne mothership Jiu Tian followed, able to deploy up to 100 small kamikaze drones, with a range of 4,350 miles (7,000 km) and a payload of 6.6 tons (14,550 pounds). Equipped with electro-optical/infrared sensors and radar, it can support cargo transport, reconnaissance, disaster relief, and long-range weapon deployment. The aircraft has an 82-foot wingspan, 52-foot length, and endurance of 12+ hours, reflecting China’s push for layered, autonomous naval and aerial defense solutions.
